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The Junior High School 



RULES AND REGULATIONS 



Prepared by a Special Committee 
Appointed by the- 

State Board of Education 



Published by 

LINNAEUS N. HINES 

State Superintendent Public Instruction 

August, 1919 



The Junior High School 



Rules and Regulations 



Prepared by a Special Committee 
Appointed by the 

State Board of Education 



Published by 

LINNAEUS N. HINES 

State Superintendent Public Instruction 

August, 1919 



INDIANAPOLIS : 

WM. B. BURFORD, CONTRACTOR FOR STATE PRINTING AND BINMNC 
1919 



ut-":^^ 



OCT 6 ,9,3 



To the State Board of Education: 

Your committee begs leave to submit the following recom- 
mendations on the organization and standardization of the 
junior high schools under the provisions of the Indiana junior 
high school law. 



Signed, 



L. N. HINES, 

E. U. GRAFF, 

J. W. HOLTON, 

C. V. PETERSON, 

H. G. CHILDS, 

O. H. WILLIAMS, 

CLIFFORD FUNDERBURG, 

Chairman. 



(3). 



I. DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION 

As a tentative classification for the purpose of applying the 
junior high school law, the following types of organization are 
recognized : 

1. Junior High School Proper. A junior high school, in 
this sense, is a school in which grades seven, eight, and nine, 
eight and nine, or eight, nine and ten are organized as a dis- 
tinct school of secondary or intermediate grade, having some 
degree of segregation in a building or portion of a building, 
and having a program of work and a procedure especially 
adapted to the early adolescent stage of child development. 

This type is recommended in the case of larger systems 
where building conditions are favorable to segregation. 

2. Six-Year High School. A six-year high school is a 
school in which the upper six years are organized as a distinct 
unit of secondary grade, having some segregation from the 
lower six grades, and having a program and procedure dif- 
ferentiated for and adapted to both junior and senior groups 
of pupils. 

This type is especially suited to smaller schools in which 
separate organizations may not be feasible or desirable. 

3. Two-Four High School. The two-four high school is 
a school in which the organization, program and modes of pro- 
cedure conform to the junior-senior high school in all respects, 
but in which by reason of building conditions the break is 
made between the eighth and ninth years. 

Special adaptation of work and procedure should be un- 
derstood to include provision for the following : 

(1) A richer and more comprehensive program of studies 
than that of the traditional four year high school or 
the elementary school. 

(2) Departmental teaching. 

(3) Promotion by subject. 

(4) Testing or exploration of individual aptitudes. 

(5) Recognition of the peculiai* needs of retarded, as well 
as supernormal pupils. ^ 

(6) Adequate facilities and equipment with respect to 
shops, kitchens, laboratories, and library, as required 
for the proper teaching of all lines of work. 

(5) 



6 

It is recommended that consideration be also given the fol- 
lowing: 

(1) Directed or supervised study and work. 

(2) Educational and vocational guidance. 

(3) Directed social and extra-curricular activities.- 

Mere departmentalization of grades seven and eight, or 
six, seven and eight, should not of itself be considered as con- 
forming to the requirements of a junior high school. 

II. QUALIFICATIONS OF TEACHERS 

1. In a School with Junior High School rating, not in con- 
nection with a senior high school. 

The principal shall be a graduate from a four years' 
course in a standard college, standard normal school or the 
equivalent. 

All teachers shall have completed at least two years' train- 
ing in a standard college, standard normal school, or equiv- 
alent, and shall hold a junior or senior high school license 
in the subjects they teach. 

2. In a Six-Year High School. 

The principal and in addition thereto at least one teacher, 
shall be a graduate from a standard four years' course in a 
standard college, or a standard three years' course in a stand- 
ard normal school, or the equivalent. 

All other teachers shall have completed at least two years' 
training in a standard college or standard normal school, or 
the equivalent. 

III. JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LICENSE 

In conformity with the law providing for the establishment 
of junior high schools and the licensing of teachers therefor, 
it is hereby ordered that a junior high school teacher shall be 
required to hold a license: 

1. In high school science of education. 
^2. In junior high school English. (It is the order of the 
Board that a special list of questions be prepared for the 
English examination and that the questions be printed in the 
list of regular high school questions.) It is the further order 



of the Board that the English questions be based upon com- 
position, rhetoric, grammar and the use of Enghsh. 

3. In such regular senior high school subjects as the ap- 
plicant may be required to teach in the junior high school. 

A senior high school license in any or all of the subjects 
hereinafter enumerated shall qualify the holder thereof to 
teach said subject or subjects in a junior high school: Eng- 
lish, American history and civics, commercial arithmetic, 
music, art, manual training, domestic science, physical train- 
ing, physiology, agriculture, general science, and all commer- 
cial subjects. A license in senior high school commercial and 
physical geography shall entitle the holder to teach geography 
in the junior high school ; or, 

4. In such elementary school subjepts as the applicant 
may be required to teach in grades seven and eight of the 
junior high school. 

5. In such other subjects as the state board of education 
may from time to time approve for the junior high school, 
and as the applicant may be required to teach. 

All manuscripts for junior high school license shall be sent 
to the State Department of Public Instruction for grading and 
all junior high school licenses shall be issued by that depart- 
ment. 

IV. TRANSFERS TO JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS 

The following recommendations should govern the estab- 
lishment of junior high schools and admission thereto by 
transfer : 

1. Only those school boards and township trustees who 
have in charge commissioned high schools are authorized by 
law to establish junior high schools. 

2. When such junior high schools are established the trus- 
tees or school boards may admit thereto pupils who have com- 
pleted the sixth year of the elementary grades. The law 
neither states nor implies that school boards or trustees may 
require attendance in such junior high schools by pupils of 
other districts; but pupils of other districts in the same cor- 
poration may require school boards or township trustees to 
admit them to such schools ; and pupils in corporations where 
such schools do not exist may require school boards or town- 
ship trustees to grant transfers to such junior high schools 
in other school corporations. 



8 

3. The state board of education recommends that school 
boards and township trustees having in charge certified and 
accredited high schools be encouraged to establish junior high 
schools where, in the judgment of the state high school in- 
spector, such junior high schools would serve a larger field of 
usefulness and that admissions and transfers be granted to 
such certified and accredited high schools in the same manner 
as to junior high schools in connection with commissioned 
high schools. 

V. JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL COURSES OF STUDY 

In conformity with the act of 1919, creating junior high 
schools and authorizing the approval of their programs of 
study and curricula by the state board of education, the fol- 
lowing statement of minimum essentials for grades seven and 
eight and the following programs of study for rural, village, 
and city junior high schools are recommended for the guid- 
ance of school officials who desire to organize junior high 
schools. 

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS IN GRADES 7 AND 8 

English (including literature, language and spelling) 10 points* 

Arithmetic 7 points 

United States history 7 points 

Community civics 3 points 

Geography 4 points 

General science 5 points 

Physical training and hygiene 2 points 

Drawing and music 2 points 

Agriculture, or industrial arts, or household arts 2 points 

42 points 
Additional work in any one or combination of the following: 
agriculture, industrial arts, household arts, commercial 
work, music, art, foreign language, or special course in 
English 8 points 

Total points required in grades 7 and 8 50 

In junior high schools a minimum class period of 30 min- 
utes shall be required. In those schools desiring to establish 
a comprehensive plan of supervised study a 60-minute period 
is recommended for recitation and study combined. 

* A point represents the work of one 30-minute recitation per week 
for a year in a subject requiring a reasonable amount of preparation 
out of class (or the equivalent). 



9 

Program of Studies Suggested for Six-Year High Schools in 
Village and Consolidated Township Schools, for Junior 
High School Grades. 

Periods 
Subjects. a Week, Points. 
Grade Z.- 
English (literature, language, grammar, spelling) . . 5 5 

Arithmetic 4 4 

History and community civics (4-1) 5 5 

Geography 4 4 

Physical training and hygiene 2 1 

Drawing and music 4 2 

Agriculture or industrial arts or household arts .... 6-8 4 

Total required 25 

Grade 8: 

English 5 5 

Arithmetic 3 3 

History and community civics (3-2) 5 5 

General science (including physiology) 5 5 

Physical training and hygiene 2 1 

Drawing and music 4 2 

Agriculture or industrial arts or household arts .... 6-8 4 

Total required 25 

Grade 9: Required 

English 5 5 

Mathematics 5 5 

Physical training 2 1 

Science (botany or physiography) 7 5 

Elective (5 points) 

Foreign language 5 5 

Agriculture or industrial arts 10 5 

Household arts .• 10 5 

Drawing or music 2-4 1-2 

Vocational information 1 1 



A total of 21 points must be taken. 

Program of Studies Suggested for Junior High Schools in 
Cities. 

Periods 
Subjects. a Week. Points. 

Grade 7: Required 

English (literature, language, grammar, spelling) . . 5 5 

Arithmetic 4 4 

History and community civics (4-1) 5 5 



10 

I Periods 

Subjects. a Week. Points. 

Geography 4 4 

Physical training and hygiene 2 1 

Drawing or music. . . .' 2 1 

Industrial arts or household arts 2 1 

Elective (.4 points) - 

Industrial arts 6-8 4 

Household arts ; 6-8 ■ 4 

Foreign language r 5 4 

Special English- .■ '. 5 4 



Total required 25 

Grade 8: Eequired 

English 5 5 

Arithmetic •. . . 3 3 

History and community civics (3-2) 5 5 

General scienjce (including j)hysiology) ■ 5 5 

Physical training and hygiene -,2 1 

Draw^ing or music 2 1 

Industrial arts or household arts 2 1 

Elective (4 points) 

Industrial arts 6-8 4 

Household arts 6-8 4 

Commercial work 6-8 4 

Foreign language 5 4 

Special English 5 4 

Drawing and design 6-8 4 



Total required 25 

Grade 9: REQUIRED 

English 5 5 

Mathematics 5 5 

Physical training 2 1 

Elective (10 points) 

Science (botany or physiography) 7 5 

Foreign language 5 5 

Industrial arts 10 5 

Household arts , 10 5 

Commercial work 10 5 

Drawing and design 10 5 

Music 2-4 1-2 

Vocational information 1 1 ' 



Total required . . 21 

Grades 10, 11 and 12 shall conform to the requirements of the regu- 
lar four-year high school. 



11 

Th9 following statements should aid in clarifying the ideas 
which underlie the junior high school courses: 

(1) The foregoing programs of study provide for a more 
gradual transition from the elementary to the high school, an 
enriched social content in the studies of grades seven and 
eight, an exploration of more varied fields of knowledge and 
skills than in the traditional program, and a more adequate 
testing of individual aptitudes and interests, than does the 
traditional program for these grades. 

(2) In village and rural consohdated six-year' high 
schools, it will probably be found advisable to make, all the 
work of grades 7 and 8 required because of the small enroll- 
ment and limited teaching staff. 

(3) To meet the ne.eds of the large number of pupils who 
leave school by the end of the 9th or 10th grades a more ex- 
tensive program in prevocational arts than is usually offered 
in the 7th, 8th and 9th grades in rural and village high schools 
is recommended. 

(4) To meet the needs of the large number of pupils who 
wish to prepare for college, two or more units of foreign lan- 
guage should be offered, preferably in grades 10, 11 and 12, 
in the smaller high schools. In this way the practical arts 
may have a more prominent place in the junior high school 
years. 

(5) Where foreign language is offered in grades 7 and 8 
the work should not be of the nature generally given in grade 
9 but should include much more of the direct and conversa- 
tional method. Where such work is given during years 7 and 
8 the work covered should be equivalent of the work now 
usually given in grade 9. For 'grades 7 and 8 it is recom- 
mended that practically no outside study be required in foreign 
language work but that all the work be confined to the class 
period. Accordingly fewer points are allowed in the schedule 
for this subject in grades 7 and 8 than are represented by 
the number of recitation periods per week. The committee 
has recommended what it considers an equivalent number of 
points for work in prevocational arts in these same grades. 

Requirements for Graduation 

Graduation from schools in which a junior high school 
organization exists shall be permissible only on fulfillment of 



12 

the requirements of both the junior and the senior high 
schools. 

As the purpose of the junior high school is essentially the 
enrichment and diversification of the courses, and not the 
shortening of the period of school training, the subjects of 
secondary grade taken in grades seven and eight shall not be 
counted toward the fifteen or sixteen units required for gradu- 
ation; except that pupils of superior ability in these grades 
may be allowed to elect and count subjects in the grade above, 
or may be organized into special classes for purposes of ac- 
celeration. 

Adoption of Textbooks 

Adoption of junior high school textbooks, or of textbooks 
in subjects especially adapted to the junior high school 
courses, should be deferred until such time as these subjects 
have become more firmly established and the courses more 
fully developed. 

Approval by the State Board of Education 

As a basis for determining whether or not a school con- 
forms to the requirements of a junior high school and 
before the provisions of the junior high school law may be 
held to apply, any school which establishes one of the foregoing 
types of junior high school or intermediate school shall have 
its course of study and teaching staff approved in advance by 
the state board of education. 

The state board of education may require a yearly report 
on the organization, curriculum of studies, teaching staff, and 
building and equipment, of all such approved junior high 
schools, on a special form to be supplied by the state depart- 
ment of public instruction. • 



